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Speciality Of Siddha Medicine
This is the first medical system to emphasis health as the perfect state of Physical, Psychological, Social and Spiritual component of human being. Alchemy is the hall mark of Siddha system. It deals with the science of converting lower metals in to gold or other form. Siddhars used this technique to assess the quality of prepared medicines, kaya kalpa, muppu and other calcination process of minerals, metals etc. These are the special features of Siddha system of medicine and these are not known to other medical systems of India or other countries.
In Siddha medicine, use of metals and minerals are more predominant in comparison to other Indian traditional medical systems. This system is far more advanced than Ayurveda for usage of metals, minerals and other chemicals. Siddhar Nagarjuna introduced the use of mercury and its compounds to the Ayurvedic system in later periods. Use of more metals and chemicals was justified by the fact that to preserve body from decomposing materials that do not decompose easily should be used. The other reason was that the south Indian rivers were not perennial and herbs were not available all through the year that prompted them to look for alternatives to herbs. The drugs used by the Siddhars are classified in to three groups. Thavaram (herbal origin), Thathu (metal and mineral origin) and Jangamam (animal origin). The thathu drugs are further classified as uppu (water soluble inorganic substances or drugs that give out vapour when put in fire), pashanam (drugs not dissolved in water but emit vapour when fired), uparasam (similar to pashanam but differ in action), loham (wont dissolve in water but melt when fired), rasam (drugs which are soft) and ghandhagam (drugs which are insoluble in water, like sulphur). In herbal drugs, Siddhars use herbs, which grow in the surrounding areas, and even herbs that grow in high altitudes of Himalayas. It is note worthy that Siddhar Korakkar was the first to introduce Cannabis (Kanja) as a medicine, for example in mental diseases, peranda bhasma parpam is used which is made of human skull bones and the skulls of dogs. Drugs used in Siddha medicine were classified on the basis of five properties. Suvai (taste), Gunam (character), Veerya (potency), Pirivu (class) and Mahimai (action).
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